Air cooled internal combustion engine



c. T. DoMAN 2,043,531

AIR COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July 7, 1953 2SheelZs-SheelI l IN VENTOR.

Emme Q, 1936,

Janes, 1936. QT. DOMAN. 2,043,531

AIR COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July '7, 1953` 2Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS Patented June 9, 1936 i AIR COOLED INTERNALCOMBUSTION ENGINE Carl T. Doman, Syracuse, N. Y., assignor to Doman &Marks, Syracuse, N. Y., a cli-partnership composed of Carl T. Doman andEdward S. Marks Application July 7, 1933, Serial No. 679,390 2 Claims.(Cl. 12S- 171) This invention relates to air cooled internal This aircooled engine comprises a cylinder combustion engines and has for itsobject an having a head formed with a compression chamarrangement of thevalves in an air cooled enber including an offset portion at one sideof, or gine, whereby the head is exposed throughout overhanging thecylinder, intake and exhaust its greater area .directly to the coolingair curports opening into the compression chamber, the 5 rent and alsothe exhaust valve port directly exhaust port opening through the topWall of exposed to the cooling air current, and also an the head intosaid offset portion. arrangement 0f the Valves whereby different Morespecifically, this air cooled intern-al coincooliiig air currents, ordifferent portions of the bustion engine comprises generally, cylinderssame cooling air Current, impinge against the having heads formed withoffsets overhanging l0 barrels 0f the Cylinders, and against the top 0fthe cylinders on one side thereof, as cylinders the head and the exhaustports. of the F head type, the intake ports of the cyl- It further hasfOr its Object an ail' COOIed eninders leading from the bottom Walls ofthe offgne 0f the F head type With the eXhaU-St ValVe sets or from thebottom walls of the F chambers,

l5 leading upwardly from the top of the F chamber, exhaust ports leadingupwardly from the top l5 leaving the greater part of the head exposed t0walls of the offsets or F chambers, lower and the cooling air currentand the intake port exupper wives for controlling said ports, theupposed to a cooling air current in which the air per Valvesy whiche0ntre1 the exhaust ports, becurrents are blown transversely of thecylinders ing overhead va1ves, the valve operating mechaand the Valveslocated on the lee side of the cylnism including overhead rocker armsoperating 20 ndels With respect t0 the direction 0f the ai? the exhaustvalves, this being mounted on rocker current, whereby the barrels of thecylinders, erm supports integral with the heads and 10- sides and tops0f the heads and the exhaust DOlt cated Well above the top Walls of theheads, in are al1 imphged directly by the Cooling ail' C111- order notto obstruct the cooling air currents Tent, A from striking the heads andthe exhaust ports, 25

other objects appeal' throughout the specifi suitable means for creatingan air current or oatonair currents blowing crosswise from one side ofThe inventionconsists in the novel features the Cylinders to the other,the ports, and parand in the combinations and constructionshereticularly the exhaust ports, being located en the inafftel" setforth and Claimed' lee side of the cylinders with respect to the 30 Indescribing this invention, reference is had direction of an. current`to, the accompanying drawing? m Whlchhke The valve arrangement differsfrom that of the charajcters deslgna'te correspondmg parts m au usual Fhead construction, for the reason that the VleWsthe exhaust valve portleads from the top side Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View through ofthe F Chamber in order to be located in or .the engine cslindegiyrillolntbfo exposed directly to, the transversely flowing coolmg my mvenn g th l I I ing air current. Preferably, there is a head 'iuf 2me crankSha' t and on e p ane common to each pair of cylinders, and the heads gare secured to the cylinders in any Well known 40 oflgliliesls afragmentary plan new of a pau manner, as by the usual studs and nuts. 40

One of the more important problems in air extTelllalgvtr; lalhagglffnlgcooled engines is quickly and efficiently cooling d h h t t the head orcombustion chamber and the eX- lower Wan of the F head an t e eX au? porS are also in the form of an elbow extending up- 45 haust valve and thisinvention has for its prinwardly and laterally :from the top wall of theF cipal obiect the relative location of the exhaust head, these portsbeing provided with Suitable valve with respect to the cylinder and theair cooling current, and the location of the intake flanges or Couplmgto the mtake and eXhallst valve which is relatively cold, so as not toobmamfol' S- f th struct the air currents cooling the cylinder, cylldeslgnates the crank Caslng 0 e ehglhe, 50

inder head and exhaust valve.' 2 the crank shaft; 3 the cam shaft, allof which I have here shovvn my invention as embodied may he 0f any WellkIlOWIl form, Slze and conln aline air cooled internal 'combustionengine StTuCtIOn-- in which the cylinders are arranged in pairs, Ildesignates the barrels `of the. cylinders and a pair of cylinders onlyis shown. mounted on the crank casing, these being formed :55

with transversely-extending, or horizontally-extending, heat radiatingflanges I2.

I3 designates the heads of the cylinders, and as before stated, there isusually a head common to each pair of cylinders, each head beingprovided with a compression chamber I4 for each cylinder of thepair andwith an offset or F chamber I5 overhanging one side of the cylinder.

I6 is an intake port leading from the bottom w-all of the F chamber I5and being in the form of an elbow extending downwardly and laterally.

I1 is an exhaust port leading from the top wall of the offset or Fchamber, this being also in the form of an elbow. The intake port I5 isformed with heat radiating flanges I8, preferably forming continuationsof some of the heat radiating flanges I2 of the barrel of the cylinder.

The head is also formed with transversely-extending heat radiatingflanges Il and also the exhaust port I'I is formed Withtransversely-ex-- tending heat radiating flanges 2%. Both these portsare provided with suitable flanges 2I, 22 for coupling to the intake andexhaust manifolds, not shown.

23 are studs, and 24 nuts threading on the studs for securing the headsto the barrels of the cylinders. Usually, the cylinder is of cast ironand the head of aluminum, although thisY feature forms no part of thisinvention.

25 designates the intake valve, that is, the valve for controlling theintake port I, this valve coacting with a seat 26 in the bottom wall ofthe F chamber at an inclined angle to the axis of the barrel of thecylinder in order that the stem 2'1 of the valve may coact directly withthe lift rod, which through suitable compensating mechanism at 28 totake up clearances, coacts with a cam on the cam shaft 3.' Thecompensating mechanism is preferably of the hydraulic type and forms nopart of this invention. The valve stem and lift rod are inclined becauseon account of the timing gears between the crank shaft and the camshaft, it is necessary to locate the cam shaft laterally such a distancethat a vertical lift rod can not be used.

29 designates the exhaust valve having an upwardly extending stem 39.The valve mechanism for the exhaust Valve is of the overhead type andincludes a rocker arm 3l suitably mounted on a rocker arm support 32mounted on the head structure and formed integral therewith, the rockerarm support being spaced apart from the top surface of the head in ordernot to interfere with the cooling air current striking the top surfaceof the head and the exhaust port I?.

The rocker arm 3l is actuated in the usual manner by a push rod coactingwith a cam shaft through a compensating mechanism, as 28. The rockerarms are enclosed in a suitable box 33 and they may be oiled in any wellknown manner.

The engine is cooled by blowing air currents from one side of the lineof cylinders to the other, and the intake and exhaust ports arelocated'on the lee side of the cylinders. The air current sys; temincludes a conduit 35 extending lengthwise of the line of cylinders andopen at its side toward the cylinders, the conduit'cornmunicating with afan housing 3B in which is located a fan rotor 31 mounted on, orconnected to, the crank shaft of the engine. The conduit 35'sv isprovided with a lengthwise partition 33 dividing the air current intotwo air currents, one of which blows against the barrels of thecylinders, and the other Y of which blows against the head ofthecylinder and the top wall thereof, and against the flanged exhaustport. The intake port is provided with flanges which are continuationsof the anges on the barrels of the cylinders in order to facilitate theconducting of the heat from the barrels of the cylinders, and theincoming comparatively cool charge in the intake port is heated by theheat conducted from the anges of the barrels of the cylinders.

' S designates the spark plug. This is located With its points in thehottest portion of the chamber I4, or near the exhaust valve seat. Theheat conducting flanges of the head are notched, or cut away, to providea passage through which the spark plug is accessible.

Owing to the F head modied by having the exhaust port leading from thetop of the F chamber and the arrangement thereof relative to thedirection of the air flow, maximum cooling surface is provided for thehead, particularly the top wall thereof, and also maximum coolingsurface is provided for the exhaust port and exhaust valve.

What I claim is:

l. In an air cooled engine, the combination of a cylinder having acombustion chamber and a detachable head including a lateral extensionof said combustion chamber, means forming an air passage along o-ne sideof the cylinder and its head, said cylinder having an integral portionthereof below the lateral extension of the combustion chamber and at thelee side of the cylinder, provided with a valved inlet port protected bythe cylinder from the cooling air of the said passage and drawing heatvfrom the cylinder for warming the charges in the inlet port, said headhaving an exhaust port at its lee side, rising from the combustionchamber extension and with its major portion in the path of the airstream around the head, an exhaust valve in the said port having a stemupstanding through the head, Valve actuating connections including arocker arm engaging the upstanding end of the exhaust valve, and a boxatop the head and enclosing the rocker arm and engaged end of theexhaust valve stern, the remaining surfaces of the head and cylinderpresenting full unobstructed exposure to the air passing through thesaid air passage.

2. In an air cooled engine, the combination of a cylinder having acombustion chamber and a detachable head including a lateral extensionof said combustion chamber, means forming an air passage along one side'of the cylinder and its head, said cylinder having an integral portionthereof below the lateral extension of the combustion chamber and at thelee side of the cylinder, provided with a valved inlet port protected bythe cylinder from the cooling air of the said passage and'drawing heatfrom the cylinder for warming the charges in the inlet port, said headhaving an exhaust port at its lee side, rising from the combustionchamber extension and with its major portion in the path of the airstream around the head, an exhaust valve in the said port having astemupstanding through the head, valve actuating connections including arocker arm engaging the upstanding end of the exhaust valve,` a box atopthe head and enclosing the rocker arm and the engaged end of the exhaustvalve stem, and means horizontally dividing the said air passageadjacent to the upper end of the cylinder whereby separate air currentsare deiiected around the cylinder and around the head along its exhaustport.

" Y CARL 'I. DOMAN.

